TiO2 production at Travancore Titanium Ltd
Ilmenite + Sulphuric Acid-> Titanyl Sulphate -> Hydrated Titanium Dioxide-> Titanium Dioxide
Travancore Titanium Products Limited is currently producing TiO2, antase grade, through the sulphate route. Ilmenite, a mixed oxide of titanium, ferrous iron and ferric iron is the main raw material for the production of titanium dioxide pigment.Ilmenite is reacted with sulfuric acid in reinforced cement concrete tanks called Digesters, lined with lead and acid resistant bricks. Exothermic reaction is initiated by the heat of dilution of the acid with water and a porous cake is formed. The mass in the solid form is dissolved in dilute sulphuric acid to get titanium in solution as titanium oxy sulphate (TiOSO4) along with other metallic ingradients in ilmenite as their sulphate. The liqour is reduced using scrap iron, when the ferric iron gets completly reduced to the ferrous state.
The resulting black liquor is clarified, concentrated and boiled by injecting steam to precipitate the titanium content as hydrated titania. The hydrated titania is filterd over drum type rotary vacuum filters. Any ferric iron still present is reduced to ferrous iron by leaching the pulp with dilute sulphuric acid. It is washed free of iron and other impurities and calcined in a rotary kiln is cooled in rotating coolers and de-agglomerated in pendulum mills to very fine particles. The fine white powder is packed in 25kg HDPE bags.
| Titanium Dioxide is an ingredient of:- All types of white and pastel shades of paints White walled tyres and car tyres Glazed paper Plastics Printed fabrics Soaps and face powders Flooring materials like linoleum, white mosaics etc. Pharmaceutical and cosmetic products Electronic components Materials for interior decoration Foot-wear and leather goods Dyes and printig inks Chart showing the applications of Titanium dioxide | |||||||||||||||||
| Anatase Rayon Grade is used in:- Textile Industry for de-lustering synthetic fibres | |||||||||||||||||
| Anatase Special Grade used in:- Fluxes for welding rods | |||||||||||||||||
| Anatase Granular Grade used in:- Vitreous enamelware for opacity and brightness | |||||||||||||||||
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Travancore Titanium has a poor record vis-a-vis pollution! It has been polluting its environs with impunity ever since it was established. Now the bells are tolling and TTP may very well be on its last knees
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